I have a CPR test tomorrow.
I'm sure you people (especially old pbsm-ers) will be going like "cpr only ma.... just press press and give teh kiss of life then ta dah!!! alive edi"

Well... apparantly CPR isn't that simple anymore. Those old geezers in the __(insert country name)__ heart association LOVE to make changes to the CPR technique. They probably have nothing better to do in their lives

"I say adult CPR should be 5-6 seconds between breaths"
"No!!! 5 seconds only! 6 is too small a difference to be counted
"I say 4"
"3"
"no... 5-6"
"darn you! listen to me!! it's 5 seconds!!"
And on and on.

But CPR is life concerning and I guess they have studies to back up what ever changes they make (hey... but how much can a second do???)
So today I've been trudging around infos on the net (with lots of confusion since some are not updated) and hopefully am ready for the test tomorrow (it's like an undang undang test. 50 objecive qws with a 84% passing mark. meaning 8 wrong only)
I'll be damned if I get a question wrong cause I read the old version of the CPR guidelines.

Hmmm... so how do you do CPR? Since i think only one girl fr med school reads my blog occasionally (i wouldn't know about lurkers. Come out from the shadows!!! Show yourself!)
I shall list a step by step for the benefit for my other friends (hey.. it might come in handy someday.) and for the benefit of myself to see if i've remembered all my facts

(ok, fine.. this is mainly to test my memory)

so... presenting:

SOOKIE'S HOW-TO IN ADULT CPR (ciplak version of the AHA version)

1. remember Danger Responsiveness Airway Breathing Circulation

• Danger: check the surrounding for danger (eg burning building) Make sure it's safe to approach victim and move victim only if necessary (eg: wood on fire is about to hit you on your head and victim's head)
• Responsiveness: Pretty straight forward. Gently shake victim when no spinal injury is suspected (by shaking i mean gently on the shoulders) and ask if he/she is ok.
  
• No response: call 999 (lol... not 911. maybe you'll get telekom helpline instead)
  
• Airway: Do the head tilt chin lift (one hand on forehead and another below jaw. Then push the jaw upwards and tilt the head downwards) to straighten airway. Open mouth to check if there is anything blocking airway. If there is, try removing it with your fingers
• Breathing: At the same time as above, look, listen and feel for breathing. Position your head above nose/mouth and look at the victim's chest to see if the victim is breathing and listen and feel for the breath. If no breathing, give 2 rescue breaths (each breath delivered over 1 second) and watch for the chest rising when giving breath to make sure the air is entering lungs.
  
• How to give the kiss of life? Take a deeper than usual breath (not too deep though. Just enough to fill the lungs of victim. A regular breath would do for a small sized victim) Pinch nose and form an air tight seal around victim's mouth. Then blowwww!!!
  
• Circulation: Check pulse at the carotid artery in the neck. I think everybody seen how it's done in movies edi. No pulse = CPR
  

1. lalala (cause stupid blogger won't change this to a 2 and I'm too lazy to find out how to)
2. Ok... so now we have arrived at the fun part :D
   
Kneel beside victim. Now find the notch in the sternum (the bone between your breast) above the naval. Place two fingers above it and above the 2 fingers is where chest compressions will be done (should be in between the breast of the victim or as AHA calls it.... in line with the nipple line) Then place the heel of dominant hand on that area and then slide the fingers of the other hand in between the fingers of dominant hand (palm of other hand facing back of dominant hand). Wrap the fingers of the other hand around dominant hand (fingers of dominant hand still spread out like doing a high five) Make sure only the heel of the dominant hand touches the victim's sternum. Make sure your elbows are straight and your hands are 90 degree to the victim's chest.

Compress with maximum force (you will figure out how your position is like when you intend to deliver maximum force with your elbows straight). AHA recommends a depth of 1.5-2 inch but who carries a ruler anyway? (and what's worst is that we use metric formats eg: cm)


3. Give compressions at about 100 per minute. The ratio should be 30 compressions to 2 breaths. The AHA motto for compressions is: push hard, push fast (all sorts of dirty stuff is coming to my mind now. and i'm sure coming to you too. ;) )
   
4. After doing 5 rounds of CPR (meaning 5 x 30:2) check for pulse again. Dun have = keep on doing till:

Emergency ppl arrive (high hopes it'll arrive within 4-10 minutes (critical since brain death occurs during this duration even with CPR) with all the traffic jam)

Danger. Immediate danger threatening lives. Leave or transport victim

Another more trained person takes over

Exhaustion.

victim is alive! (meaning has a pulse and is breathing)

I don't think i missed anything out now...
hmmmmmmm.........
yea... listed everything down edi i think. Other that that I also have infant and child cpr to learn.

So you readers (if you have made it this far or even bother reading the whole post) can now perform cpr or just show of to your friends that you know cpr (or you can just show off that you know where the sternum is))
Sadly... 1/2 a yr in med school and i only remember the sternum in detail
:(